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So many people own pets, like dogs, cats etc. They remain close to each other and thus some microorganisms & parasites can get access to the body of pet owners form the pet. Parasite of Hydatid Disease is one of them. It is caused by Echinococcus granulosus, which is known as Dog Tape Worm. Its definitive hosts are: dogs, fox, jackal etc. Intermediate host are : sheep, cattle & human
Sites: Where this is most likely to be occur:
- Liver (60%)
- Lung (20%)
- Kidney, Bladder (3%)
- Heart
- Brain
- Spleen
- Muscle
- Bone
Clinical Features: Signs & Symptoms:
- Patient Profile: Farmer, in intimate contact with dogs.
- Majority cases remain asymptomatic for several months to several years.
- Pressure symptoms (manifests according to site, size & shape.)
- Fever, Urticaria (it occurs due to leakage of cystic materials in circulation)
- Cyst may rupture and cause Anaphylactic Shock.
Hepatic Hydatid Cyst
- Pain in the upper abdomen- Epigastric and/or Right Hypochondriac region.
- Tender/ non-tender liver.
- Recurrent attack of Cholecystitis, Obstructive Jaundice.
Investigations:
- X-ray chest: Right dome high up and calcification in the liver.
- Ultrasonography (USG): To see daughter cyst & sand particles.
- Confirmatory test: CT scan.
- Serological test:
Treatment:
- Surgery (Definitive Treatment):
- Premedication with Albendazole 1 week before & continued 4 weeks after surgery
- Should be done in skill hand.
- Cavities are sterilized with 0.5% Silver Nitrate or 2.7% Sodium Chloride.
- Disadvantages:
- Rupture may lead to anaphylactic shock.
- Dissemination may occur.
- Albendazole 400mg- 12 hourly for 3 months
- PAIR (per cutaneous aspiration)- infusion of solicidal agent (hypertonic saline solution) then reaspiration of all contents.
Prevention:
- Maintenance of personal hygiene.
- Deworming of dogs.
- Meat inspection
Pets are part of our lives. But they can cause many health hazards as they carry so many microorganisms and parasites which infest their body while they roam around. Taking proper care to them, maintaining personal hygiene and being careful in taking meat/beef can protect all of us from some specific health hazards.
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